1867 Canadian federal election

1867 Canadian federal election

August 7 – September 20, 1867 (1867-08-07 – 1867-09-20)
181 seats in the House of Commons 91 seats needed for a majority
Registered	361,028
Turnout	74.3%
First party Second party Third party   Leader John A. Macdonald George Brown (unofficial) Joseph Howe Party Conservative Liberal Anti-Confederation Leader's seat Kingston Ran in Ontario South (lost) Hants Seats won 100 62 18 Popular vote 93,412 60,818 21,239 Percentage 34.8% 22.7% 7.9%
Popular vote by electoral riding. (Because seats are awarded by the popular vote in each riding, the provincial popular vote does not necessarily translate to more seats.)
Prime Minister before election John A. Macdonald Conservative Prime Minister after election John A. Macdonald Conservative

The 1867 Canadian federal election was held from August 7 to September 20, 1867, and was the first election of Canada. It was held to elect members representing electoral districts in the provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec to the House of Commons of the 1st Canadian Parliament. The provinces of Manitoba (1870) and British Columbia (1871) were created during the term of the 1st Parliament of Canada and were not part of this election.

Sir John A. Macdonald had been sworn in as prime minister by the Governor General, Lord Monck, when the new Canadian nation was founded on 1 July 1867. As leader of the Conservative Party of Canada (known as the Liberal-Conservative Party until 1873), he led his party in this election and continued as Prime Minister of Canada when the Conservatives won a majority of the seats in the election, including majorities of the seats (and votes) in the new provinces of Ontario and Quebec.

The Liberal Party of Canada won the second most seats overall, including a majority of the seats (and votes) in the province of New Brunswick. The Liberals did not have a party leader in the election. George Brown, who was the leader of the Liberal Party of Ontario, was considered the "elder statesman" of the national party. Brown ran concurrently for seats in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario and the House of Commons of Canada, and might well have been Prime Minister in the unlikely event that the Liberals prevailed over the Conservatives in the national election. Brown failed to win a seat in either body, and the national Liberals remained officially leaderless until 1873.

The Anti-Confederation Party, led by Joseph Howe, won the third most seats overall, based solely on a majority of seats (and votes) in the province of Nova Scotia. Their main desire was the reversal of the decision to join Confederation, which had become highly unpopular in that province. The goals of the Anti-Confederation Members of Parliament (MPs) were openly supported by five of the Liberal MPs of New Brunswick. The Anti-Confederation MPs sat with the Liberal caucus. When the government in Britain refused to allow Nova Scotia to secede, a majority of the Anti-Confederation MPs (11 of 18) moved to the Conservatives.

Halifax was a two-member riding at the time of the election, while the City of Saint John was represented by its own district and the County of Saint John. The election in Kamouraska, Quebec was delayed due to rioting.

Election

The first Canadian election took place without a uniform set of election laws to govern the selection of members to the House of Commons, an interim measure until Parliament could pass its own election laws, which did not come until 1885. Instead, the election was contested under the rules set by each individual province prior to confederation, and future elections would be contested under provincial rules until a time when federal parliament set their own rules. Because of this, voting rights were inconsistent, as was the method of casting a ballot. The BNA Act did stipulate that in the district of Algoma any male British subject of 21 years of age or older, "being a householder," would have the right to vote.

The election took place over a six week period from August 7 to September 20, with electoral district polls closing at different dates throughout the period. Under the system each electoral district was required to be polled in one day, but the day did not have to be the same across all electoral districts. The exception to the extended polling period (often called "polling circuits") being Nova Scotia which abolished the practice of polling different districts on different days after excessive violence was reported in the 1843 election.

Franchise

The basic general requirement to vote across provinces was the requirement to be a male British subject 21 years of age or older. Voting was conducted in Ontario, Quebec and Nova Scotia through oral vote which required an eligible elector to declare their choice. New Brunswick had adopted a form of secret ballot in 1855, where electors write the name of a candidate on a piece of paper and deposit the vote in a ballot box.

In all provinces, women and government employees including civil servants, judges, police and prosecutors were not permitted to vote. Indigenous individuals who met property criteria were excluded from voting eligibility in most provinces if they received a benefit paid by the government.

The Ontario elections laws were updated in 1866, with electors required to meet a property qualification of being an owner or tenant with a property value listed on the assessment roll of $600 in a city, $400 in a town, $300 in an incorporated village, and $100 in a township or police village. Furthermore, urban residents must prove an annual income of at least $250. An estimated 16.5 per cent of the population of Ontario was enfranchised for the 1867 election. In Quebec, the property qualification for being an owner was $300 in urban areas and $200 in rural areas, and a tenant required a rent of $30 in an urban area or $20 in a rural area. Nova Scotia's election laws were passed in 1863, and had a property qualification for owners or tenants of $150, and enfranchised persons with $300 of personal property. while New Brunswick had a property qualification for owners of $100 and an annual income of $400, but also gave the vote to anyone who owned real or personal property with a total value of $400 or more.

Electoral system, Representation by population

The number of members in each province in Confederation was set by the Constitution Act, 1867 on the principle of representation by population. The Act provided Quebec a minimum of 65 seats and seat allotment for the remainder of the country was based by dividing the average population of Quebec's 65 electoral districts to determine the number of seats for other provinces. The Act also specified that distribution and boundary reviews should occur after each 10 year census.

The BNA Act established that there would be 181 MPs ("subject to provisions of this Act") - 82 from Ontario, 65 from Quebec, 19 from Nova Scotia, and 15 from New Brunswick. Each would be elected in a single-member district, except there would be two elected in Halifax. Each voter cast one vote, except the Halifax voters who cast up to two votes (Plurality block voting).

Results

Party		Party leader	# of candidates	Elected	Popular vote
					#	%
	Conservative	Sir John A. Macdonald	83	71	64,179	23.92%
	Liberal-Conservative		32	29	29,730	11.08%
	Liberal	none (unofficially, George Brown)	66	62	60,818	22.67%
	Anti-Confederation	Joseph Howe	20	18	21,239	7.92%
	Independents		1	-	1,756	0.65%
	Independent Liberal		1	-	1,048	0.39%
	Unknown		140	-	89,547	33.37%
	Vacant - 1		–	0	–	–
Total			343	180	268,317	100%
Source:

Acclamations

The following MPs were acclaimed:

• Ontario: 3 Conservative, 3 Liberal-Conservatives, 9 Liberals
• Quebec: 14 Conservatives, 5 Liberal-Conservatives, 4 Liberals
• New Brunswick: 1 Conservative, 3 Liberals
• Nova Scotia: 4 Anti-Confederates

Vacancy

The election in Kamouraska, Quebec, was cancelled due to rioting at the polling places. No member was elected for the riding until a by-election in 1869.

Results by province

Party name			Ontario	Quebec	NB	NS	Total
	Conservative	Seats	33	36	1	1	71
		Vote	26.2%	28.5%		13.8%	23.2%
	Liberal-Conservative	Seats	16	11	2	-	29
		Vote	12.5%	12.3%	11.1%	3.5%	11.1%
	Liberal	Seats	33	17	12		62
		Vote	23.7%	25.2%	49.5%		22.7%
	Anti-Confederation	Seats				18	18
		Vote				58.2%	7.9%
	Unknown	Seats	-	-	-	-	-
		Vote	35.6%	34.1%	39.3%	23.06%	34%
	Independent	Seats	-				-
		Vote	1.3%				0.7%
	Independent Liberal	Seats	-				-
		Vote	0.7%				0.4%
Total seats			82	64	15	19	180

By district

Nova Scotia

Western Nova Scotia

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Annapolis		William Hallett Ray (A Conf) 1,171		Avard Longley (Cons.) 1,016				William Hallett Ray, Avard Longley & George Whitman
Colchester		Archibald McLelan (A Conf.) 1,649		Adams George Archibald (Lib.-Cons.) 1,289				Archibald McLelan, William Blackwood, Adams George Archibald & Francis R. Parker
Cumberland		Charles Tupper (Cons.) 1,368		William Annand (A Conf.) 1,271				Charles Tupper, Alexander Macfarlane & Robert Donkin
Digby		Alfred William Savary (A Conf) 792		John Chipman Wade (Cons) 497		William Mehan 362		John Chipman Wade, Mathurin Robicheau, Colin Campbell
Halifax		Alfred Gilpin Jones (A Conf) 2,381 Patrick Power (A Conf) 2,367		John Tobin 2,158 Samuel Leonard Shannon 2,154				John Tobin, Samuel Leonard Shannon, Henry Pryor, William Annand & Henry Balcom
Hants		Joseph Howe (A Conf) 1,530		James W. King 956				Ezra Churchill, William Dawson Lawrence, James W. King & Lewis W. Hill
Kings		William Henry Chipman (A Conf.) 1,472		J. N. Coleman 659				Charles C. Hamilton, Caleb Rand Bill, Daniel Charles Moore & Edward L. Brown
Lunenburg		Edmund Mortimer McDonald (A Conf) 1,557		Henry Kaulback 905				Henry S. Jost, Henry Kaulback & Abraham Hebb
Queens		James F. Forbes (A Conf) 844		John Campbell 271				John Campbell, Andrew Cowie & Charles Allison
Shelburne		Thomas Coffin (A Conf) Accl.						Thomas Coffin, John Locke & Robert Robertson
Yarmouth		Thomas Killam (A Conf) 1,225		George Stayley Brown 666				Thomas Killam, George Stayley Brown & Isaac Hatfield

Eastern Nova Scotia

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Antigonish		Hugh McDonald (A Conf) 1,238		William Alexander Henry (Cons.) 390				William Alexander Henry & John McKinnon
Cape Breton		James McKeagney (A Conf.) Accl.						Thomas Caldwell & John George Bourinot
Guysborough		Stewart Campbell (A Conf.) Accl.						William O. Heffernan & Stewart Campbell
Inverness		Hugh Cameron (A Conf) 1,186		Samuel McDonnell (Cons.) 601				Hiram Blanchard, Peter Smyth & Samuel McDonnell
Pictou		James William Carmichael (A Conf) 2,011		James McDonald (Cons.) 1,653				James Fraser, James McDonald, Donald Fraser & Alexander MacKay
Richmond		William Joseph Croke (A Conf) 545		Donovan 279				Isaac LeVesconte & William Miller
Victoria		William Ross (A Conf.) Accl.						William Ross & Charles James Campbell

New Brunswick

Northern New Brunswick

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Gloucester		Timothy Anglin (Lib) 1,061		John Meahan 671				Robert Young & John Meahan
Kent		Auguste Renaud (Lib) 876		Lestock P. W. DesBrisay 757		Owen McInerney 485 Robert Barry Cutler 4		William Shand Caie & Owen McInerney
Northumberland		John Mercer Johnson (Lib) 1,226		Thomas F. Gillespie 757				John Mercer Johnson, Edward Williston, Richard Sutton, George Kerr
Restigouche		John McMillan (Lib) 370		John Phillips 259				John McMillan & Alexander C. DesBrisay
Victoria		John Costigan (Lib-Cons) 778		William Blackwood Beveridge 549		James Workman 16 James Tibbetts 0		Benjamin Beveridge & Vital Hébert

Southern New Brunswick

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Albert		John Wallace (Lib) 778		Henry J. Stevens 714				Abner Reid McClelan & John Lewis
Carleton		Charles Connell (Lib) acclaimed						Charles Connell & William Lindsay
Charlotte		John Bolton (Lib) 1,214		Robert Thompson 918				John McAdam, James G. Stevens, Francis Hibbard, James Watson Chandler
City and County of St. John		John Hamilton Gray (Cons) acclaimed						Charles Nelson Skinner, John Hamilton Gray, Robert Duncan Wilmot, James Quinton
City of St. John		Samuel Leonard Tilley (Lib-Cons) 1,402		John Wilson 610				Samuel Leonard Tilley & Andrew Rainsford Wetmore
King's		George Ryan (Lib) 1,303		George Otty 1,083				George Ryan, William P. Flewelling, John Flewelling
Queen's		John Ferris (Lib) acclaimed						John Ferris, Robert Thorne Babbit
Sunbury		Charles Burpee (Lib) 664		William E. Perley 425				John Glasier & William E. Perley
Westmorland		Albert James Smith (Lib) 2,207		Israël Landry 454				Albert James Smith, Bliss Botsford, Angus McQueen, Amand Landry
York		Charles Fisher (Lib) acclaimed						Hiram Dow, Charles Fisher, Alexander Thompson, John Adolphus Beckwith

Quebec

Eastern Quebec

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Bonaventure		Théodore Robitaille (Cons) 1,018		M. Tremblay 444				Théodore Robitaille (Bleu)
Dorchester		Hector Louis Langevin (Cons) acclaimed						Hector Louis Langevin (Bleu)
Gaspé		Pierre-Étienne Fortin (Cons) acclaimed						John Le Boutillier (Bleu)
Kamouraska		No election due to rioting						Jean-Charles Chapais (Bleu)
Lévis		Joseph-Goderic Blanchet (Lib-Cons) acclaimed						Joseph-Goderic Blanchet (Bleu)
L'Islet		Barthélemy Pouliot (Cons) 464		Louis-Bonaventure Caron 40				Louis-Bonaventure Caron (Rouge)
Montmagny		Joseph-Octave Beaubien (Cons) acclaimed						Joseph-Octave Beaubien (Bleu)
Rimouski		George Sylvain (Cons) 1,152		Augustin Michaud 697				George Sylvain (Bleu)
Témiscouata		Charles Bertrand (Cons) acclaimed						Jean-Baptiste Pouliot (Rouge)

Quebec City area and Saguenay

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Charlevoix		Simon-Xavier Cimon (Cons) 999		Adolphe Gagnon 911				Adolphe Gagnon (Rouge)
Chicoutimi—Saguenay		Pierre-Alexis Tremblay (Liberal) acclaimed						Pierre-Alexis Tremblay (Liberal)
Montmorency		Joseph-Édouard Cauchon (Cons) acclaimed						Joseph-Édouard Cauchon (Bleu)
Quebec County		Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau (Cons) acclaimed						François Évanturel (Liberal)
Quebec East		Pierre-Gabriel Huot (Liberal) acclaimed						Pierre-Gabriel Huot (Rouge)
Quebec West		Thomas McGreevy (Lib-Cons) acclaimed						Charles Joseph Alleyn (Cons)
Quebec-Centre		Georges-Honoré Simard (Cons) 1,291		P. Garneau 5		Blanchet 2		Isidore Thibaudeau (Rouge)

Central Quebec

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Berthier		Anselme-Homère Pâquet (Lib) 1,131		L. Trachemontagne 1,095				Anselme-Homère Pâquet (Rouge)
Champlain		John Jones Ross (Cons) 1,449		M. Martineau 305				John Jones Ross (Bleu)
Joliette		François Benjamin Godin (Lib) 918		Louis François Georges Baby (Cons) 862				Hippolite Cornellier (Bleu)
L'Assomption		Louis Archambeault (Lib-Cons) 898		P. U. Archambault 665				Louis Archambeault (Rouge)
Lotbinière		Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière (Lib) acclaimed						Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière (Rouge)
Maskinongé		George Caron (Cons) 702		Moïse Houde 564				Moïse Houde (Rouge)
Montcalm		Joseph Dufresne (Cons) acclaimed						Joseph Dufresne (Bleu)
Nicolet		Joseph Gaudet (Cons) 1,070		M. Rousseau 499				Joseph Gaudet (Bleu)
Portneuf		Jean-Docile Brousseau (Cons) 1,027		I. P. Dery 718		Dubord 1		Jean-Docile Brousseau (Lib-Cons)
Saint Maurice		Louis-Léon Lesieur Désaulniers (Cons) acclaimed						Charles Gérin-Lajoie (Rouge)
Three Rivers		Louis-Charles Boucher de Niverville (Cons) 277		C. B. Genest 143				Louis-Charles Boucher de Niverville (Bleu)
Yamaska		Moïse Fortier (Lib) 797		Joseph Albert Norbert Provencher (Cons) 760				Moïse Fortier (Rouge)

Eastern Townships

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Bagot		Pierre-Samuel Gendron (Cons) 1,156		Maurice Laframboise 889				Maurice Laframboise (Rouge)
Beauce		Christian Pozer (Lib) 1,180		Henri Elzéar Taschereau 629				Henri Elzéar Taschereau (Bleu)
Bellechasse		Louis-Napoléon Casault (Cons) 983		Édouard Rémillard 671				Édouard Rémillard (Rouge)
Brome		Christopher Dunkin (Cons) acclaimed						Christopher Dunkin (Cons)
Compton		John Henry Pope (Lib-Cons) acclaimed						John Henry Pope (Cons)
Drummond—Arthabaska		Louis-Adélard Senécal (Cons) 1,135		M. Houle 1,111				Jean-Baptiste-Éric Dorion (Rouge)
Mégantic		George Irvine (Cons) 1,000		P. O. Triganne 733				George Irvine (Cons)
Missisquoi		Brown Chamberlin (Cons) 1,190		Philip Henry Moore 497				James O'Halloran (Rouge)
Richmond—Wolfe		William Hoste Webb (Cons) 1,137		Beique 903				William Hoste Webb (Cons)
Shefford		Lucius Seth Huntington (Lib) 1,317		Parmelee 991				Lucius Seth Huntington (Rouge)
Sherbrooke (Town of)		Alexander Tilloch Galt (Lib-Cons) acclaimed						Alexander Tilloch Galt (Lib-Cons)
Stanstead		Charles Carroll Colby (Lib-Cons) 814		Albert Knight 616				Albert Knight (Cons)

Montérégie Est

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Chambly		Pierre Basile Benoit (Cons) 691		V. P. W. Dorion 526				Charles Boucher de Boucherville (Bleu)
Iberville		François Béchard (Lib) 1,035		Alexandre Dufresne 504				Alexandre Dufresne (Rouge)
Richelieu		Thomas McCarthy (Cons) 777		Joseph-Xavier Perrault 625		P. Gélinas 450		Joseph-Xavier Perrault (Rouge)
Rouville		Guillaume Cheval dit St-Jacques (Lib) 1,236		Joseph-Napoléon Poulin 824				Joseph-Napoléon Poulin (Bleu)
St. Hyacinthe		Alexandre-Édouard Kierzkowski (Lib) 1,107		Rémi Raymond 929				Rémi Raymond (Bleu)
St. John's		François Bourassa (Lib) 696		Charles Laberge 600				François Bourassa (Rouge)
Verchères		Félix Geoffrion (Lib) 831		L. H. Massuee 740				Félix Geoffrion (Rouge)

Vallée-du-Haut-Saint-Laurent

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Beauharnois		Michael Cayley (Cons) 724		Paul Denis 691				Paul Denis (Bleu)
Châteauguay		Luther Hamilton Holton (Lib) 1,013		Thomas Kennedy Ramsay 586				Luther Hamilton Holton (Rouge)
Huntingdon		John Rose (Lib-Cons) 1,280		W. H. Kerr 468				Robert Brown Somerville (Ind)
Laprairie		Alfred Pinsonneault (Cons) 750		M. Normandeau 293				Alfred Pinsonneault (Bleu)
Napierville		Sixte Coupal dit la Reine (Lib) 878		M. Laviolette 344				Sixte Coupal dit la Reine (Rouge)
Soulanges		Luc-Hyacinthe Masson (Cons) 729		M. Guindon 470				William Duckett (Cons)
Vaudreuil		Donald McMillan (Cons) acclaimed						Antoine Chartier de Lotbinière Harwood (Cons)

Hochelaga Archipelago

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Hochelaga		Antoine-Aimé Dorion (Lib) 1,312		J. Lanouette 1,289				Antoine-Aimé Dorion (Rouge)
Jacques Cartier		Guillaume Gamelin Gaucher (Cons) 659		M. Brunet 542				Guillaume Gamelin Gaucher (Bleu)
Laval		Joseph-Hyacinthe Bellerose (Cons) acclaimed						Joseph-Hyacinthe Bellerose (Bleu)
Montreal Centre		Thomas Workman (Lib) acclaimed						John Rose (Cons)
Montreal East		George-Étienne Cartier (Lib-Cons) 2,431		M. Lanctot (Lib) 2,085				George-Étienne Cartier (Bleu)
Montreal West		Thomas D'Arcy McGee (Lib-Cons) 2,675		Bernard Devlin (Lib) 2,478				Thomas D'Arcy McGee (Cons)

Laurentides & Outaouais

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Argenteuil		John Abbott (Lib-Cons) 693		B. Hutchins 595				John Abbott (Lib)
Ottawa (County of)		Alonzo Wright (Lib-Cons) acclaimed						Alonzo Wright (Cons)
Pontiac		Edmund Heath (Cons) acclaimed						John Poupore (Bleu)
Terrebonne		Louis-Rodrigue Masson (Cons) acclaimed						Louis Labrèche-Viger (Lib)
Two Mountains		Jean-Baptiste Daoust (Cons) acclaimed						Jean-Baptiste Daoust (Reformer)

Ontario

Ottawa Valley

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Carleton		John Holmes (Lib-Cons) 1,087		John Rochester (Cons) 1,006				William Frederick Powell (Cons)
Lanark North		William McDougall (Lib-Cons) acclaimed						William McDougall (Reformer)
Lanark South		Alexander Morris (Cons) acclaimed						Alexander Morris (Cons)
Ottawa (City of)		Joseph Merrill Currier (Lib-Cons) 974		Alexander Gibb 25		Edward McGillivray 5 E. Martineau 1 Moss Kent Dickinson 0 Philip Thompson 0		Joseph Merrill Currier (Cons)
Prescott		Albert Hagar (Lib) 1,205		Thomas Higginson 130				Thomas Higginson (Cons)
Renfrew North		John Rankin (Cons) 613		Thomas Murray 527				Robert McIntyre (Reformer) Renfrew
Renfrew South		Daniel McLachlin (Lib) acclaimed
Russell		James Alexander Grant (Cons) 1,293		Robert Bell 695				Robert Bell (Cons)

St. Lawrence Valley

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Addington		James Lapum (Cons) 1,120		Schuyler Shibley (Lib-Cons) 991		Henry Smith 2 Price 1 D. Cameron 0 Hamm 0 Lott 0	New district
Brockville		James Crawford (Cons) 690		Fitzwilliam Henry Chambers 521				Fitzwilliam Henry Chambers (Reformer)
Cornwall		John Sandfield Macdonald (Lib) 451		Mattice 295				John Sandfield Macdonald (Reformer)
Dundas		John Sylvester Ross (Lib-Cons) acclaimed						John Sylvester Ross (Cons)
Frontenac		Thomas Kirkpatrick (Cons) 1,242		J. Carruthers 693				William Ferguson (Cons)
Glengarry		Donald Alexander Macdonald (Lib) acclaimed						Donald Alexander Macdonald (Reformer)
Grenville South		Walter Shanly (Cons) 899		William Patrick 730				Walter Shanly (Lib-Cons) Grenville
Kingston		John A. Macdonald (Lib-Cons) 735		John Stewart 142				John A. Macdonald (Lib-Cons)
Leeds North and Grenville North		Francis Jones (Cons) 923		G. Montgomery 857				Francis Jones (Reformer) North Leeds and Grenville
Leeds South		John Willoughby Crawford (Cons) 1,393		Albert Norton Richards 1,364				Albert Norton Richards (Reformer)
Lennox		Richard John Cartwright (Cons) 1,268		John Thomas Grange 1,122				Richard John Cartwright (Cons) Lennox and Addington
Stormont		Samuel Ault (Lib-Cons) 955		Sinclair 363				Samuel Ault (Reformer)

Central Ontario

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Hastings East		Robert Read (Cons) 1,110		J. J. Farley 457			New district
Hastings North		Mackenzie Bowell (Cons) 928		Thomas Campbell Wallbridge 636		McLean 1		Thomas Campbell Wallbridge (Reformer)
Hastings West		James Brown (Cons) 773		Holden 313				Lewis Wallbridge (Reformer) South Hastings
Northumberland East		Joseph Keeler (Lib-Cons) 1,607		Kenneth McKenzie 827		Meyers 0		James Lyons Biggar (Reformer)
Northumberland West		James Cockburn (Cons) acclaimed						James Cockburn (Lib-Cons)
Peterborough East		Peregrine Maitland Grover (Cons) 956		James Anderson 644				Frederick W. Haultain (Cons) Peterborough
Peterborough West		Charles Perry (Cons) 681		J. Gordon 652
Prince Edward		Walter Ross (Lib) 1,779		James Simeon McCuaig (Cons) 942				Walter Ross (Reformer)
Victoria North		John Morison (Lib) 687		Hector Cameron 403				James Dunsford (Reformer) Victoria
Victoria South		George Kempt (Lib) 1,001		Hector Cameron 801

Greater Toronto Area

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Durham East		Francis Henry Burton (Cons.) 1,134		F. Beamish 451				John Shuter Smith (Reformer)
Durham West		Edward Blake (Cons.) 1,337		J. Milne 931				Henry Munro (Reformer)
Halton		John White (Lib.) 1,422		George King Chisholm 1,289				John White (Reformer)
Ontario North		John Hall Thompson (Lib.) 1,628		Matthew Crooks Cameron (Lib.) 1,362				Matthew Crooks Cameron (Cons.)
Ontario South		Thomas Nicholson Gibbs (Lib.-Cons.) 1,292		George Brown 1,223				Thomas Nicholson Gibbs (Reformer)
Peel		John Hillyard Cameron (Cons.) 1,138		Wally Barber 1,076				John Hillyard Cameron (Cons.)
Toronto East		James Beaty Sr. (Cons.) 1,113		William Thomas Aikins 980		Allen 1		Alexander Mortimer Smith (Reformer)
Toronto West		Robert Alexander Harrison (Cons.) 1,477		John Macdonald (Ind. Lib.) 1,048				John Macdonald (Reformer)
York East		James Metcalfe (Lib.) 1,174		T. A. Milne 937				Amos Wright (Reformer)
York North		James Pearson Wells (Lib.) Acclaimed						James Pearson Wells (Reformer)
York West		William Pearce Howland (Lib.-Cons.) 810		J. S. Hubertus 297		David Blain 0		William Pearce Howland (Reformer)

Georgian Bay

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Algoma		Wemyss Mackenzie Simpson (Cons.) 250		William Beatty 241		A. MacDonell 38	New district
Bruce North		Alexander Sproat (Cons) 862		R. Douglas 852			New district
Bruce South		Francis Hurdon (Cons) 1,777		W. Rastall 1,624		Hall 5	New district
Cardwell		Thomas Roberts Ferguson (Cons) 1,155		Philips 1,078			New district
Grey North		George Snider (Lib) 1,399		D'Arcy Boulton 1,143				George Jackson (Cons) Grey
Grey South		George Jackson (Cons) 1,560		R. Dalgleish 1,547
Simcoe North		Thomas David McConkey (Lib) Acclaimed						Thomas David McConkey (Reformer)
Simcoe South		William Carruthers Little (Lib-Cons) 1,411		Thomas Saunders 1,055				Thomas Roberts Ferguson (Cons)

Niagara Peninsula

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Brant North		John Young Bown (Lib-Cons) 672		J. D. Clement 670				John Young Bown (Lib-Cons) East Brant
Brant South		Edmund Burke Wood (Lib) 1,257		H. B. Leeming 1,090				Edmund Burke Wood (Reformer) West Brant
Haldimand		David Thompson (Lib) 1,391		R. McKinnon 1,022				David Thompson (Reformer)
Hamilton		Charles Magill (Lib) Acclaimed						Charles Magill (Lib)
Lincoln		James Rea Benson (Lib-Cons) Acclaimed						William McGiverin (Reformer)
Monck		Lachlin McCallum (Lib-Cons) 1,126		Fraser 871			New district
Niagara		Angus Morrison (Cons) 300		William Alexander Thomson 250				Angus Morrison (Reformer) Niagara (town)
Norfolk North		Aquila Walsh (Cons) 1,026		Duncombe 990				Aquila Walsh (Cons) Norfolk
Norfolk South		Peter Lawson (Lib) 1,050		N. O. Walker 969
Welland		Thomas Clark Street (Cons) Acclaimed						Thomas Clark Street (Cons)
Wentworth North		James McMonies (Lib) 1,154		Alexander Brown 1,093				James McMonies (Reform)
Wentworth South		Joseph Rymal (Lib) 1,015		Thomas Robertson 988				Joseph Rymal (Reform)

Midwestern Ontario

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Huron North		Joseph Whitehead (Lib) 1,940		J. Holmes 1,318		Sloan 675		James Dickson (Reform) Huron & Bruce
Huron South		Malcolm Colin Cameron (Lib) 1,624		G. H. Ritchie 1,453		D. L. Sills 1
Oxford North		Thomas Oliver (Lib) Acclaimed						Thomas Oliver (Reformer)
Oxford South		Ebenezer Vining Bodwell (Lib) Acclaimed						George Brown (Reformer)
Perth North		James Redford (Lib) 1,515		Thomas Mayne Daly Sr. (Lib-Cons) 1,307				Robert MacFarlane (Reform) Perth
Perth South		Robert MacFarlane (Lib) 1,490		T. B. Guest 1,393
Waterloo North		Isaac Erb Bowman (Lib) Acclaimed						Isaac Erb Bowman (Reformer)
Waterloo South		James Young (Lib) 1,324		James Cowan 958				James Cowan (Reformer)
Wellington Centre		Thomas Sutherland Parker (Lib) Acclaimed						Thomas Sutherland Parker (Reform) North Wellington
Wellington North		George Alexander Drew (Lib-Cons) 1,493		Michael Hamilton Foley 1,271
Wellington South		David Stirton (Lib) 963		F. W. Stone 652				David Stirton (Reformer)

Southwestern Ontario

Electoral District	Candidates							Incumbent
		Winner		Runner up		Other
Bothwell		David Mills (Lib) 1,333		David Glass (Cons) 1,224			New district
Elgin East		Thomas William Dobbie (Cons) 1,492		Leonidas Burwell 1,382				Leonidas Burwell (Reformer)
Elgin West		John H. Munroe (Cons) 970		C. McDougall 766				John Scoble (Reformer)
Essex		John O'Connor (Cons) 1,439		Arthur Rankin 1,432				Arthur Rankin (Reformer)
Kent		Rufus Stephenson (Cons) 1,524		Archibald McKellar 1,427				Archibald McKellar (Reformer)
Lambton		Alexander Mackenzie (Lib) 1,999		Alexander Vidal (Cons) 1,311				Alexander Mackenzie (Reformer)
London		John Carling (Lib-Cons) 1,114		James Peacock 266				John Carling (Lib-Cons)
Middlesex East		Crowell Willson (Lib-Cons) 1,896		D. McFie 1,756				Crowell Willson (Reformer)
Middlesex North		Thomas Scatcherd (Lib) 1,605		Watson 874				Thomas Scatcherd (Reformer) West Middlesex
Middlesex West		Angus Peter McDonald (Cons) 1,063		G. Billington 1,044

See also

For a list of the MPs elected in the 1867 election, and in by-elections prior to 1872, see 1st Canadian Parliament.

• List of elections in the Province of Canada
• 1st Canadian Parliament

Further reading

• Elections Canada (2021). A History of the Vote in Canada (PDF) (Third ed.). Gatineau, Quebec: Elections Canada. ISBN 978-0-660-37056-9.
• Garner, John (1969). The Franchise and Politics in British North America, 1755-1867. Ottawa: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-0-8020-3219-5.
• Gwyn, Richard J. (2007). John A.: The Man who made us: the life and times of John A. Macdonald. Toronto: Random House Canada. ISBN 978-0-679-31475-2.
• LeDuc, Lawrence; Pammett, Jon H.; McKenzie, Judith L.; Turcotte, André (2010). Dynasties and Interludes: Past and Present in Canadian Electoral Politics. Toronto: Dundurn Press. ISBN 978-1-55488-886-3.

External links

• Map of electoral districts coloured for each party
• Ridings and candidates